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Reformed Forum supports the church in presenting every person mature in Christ (Colossians 1:28) by providing Reformed theological resources to pastors, scholars, and anyone who desires to grow in their understanding of Scripture and the
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- 1417Exitus and Reditus in the Theology of Thomas AquinasWe welcome Dr. Lane Tipton back to the studio on the heels of teaching a new course on the theology of Thomas Aquinas. In this course, Dr. Tipton aims to provide an in-depth understanding of Thomas Aquinas’s trinitarian theology, emphasizing that his entire body of work is governed by the concept of exitus (departure) and reditus (return) in the context of divine and human processions. In the course, Dr. Tipton analyzes primary texts such as the Summa Theologiae and the Summa Contra Gentiles, as well as works by notable Thomistic scholars such as Gilles Emery and Dominic Legge as he dives into the trinitarian structure of Aquinas’s theology, focusing on the eternal and temporal processions of the Son and the Holy Spirit, and their implications on topics like Christology and sacramentology. This trinitarian framework forms the backbone of Aquinas’s theological system, affecting every doctrinal topic it touches, from the nature of God to the ultimate end of human beings. Tipton contends that understanding Aquinas’s Trinitarian framework is key to grasping his theological system as a whole. The course aims not only to provide a nuanced understanding of Aquinas’s theology but also to offer a Reformed critique and alternative. The Exitus-Reditus Structure The exitus-reditus structure serves as the central framework for understanding the theology of Thomas Aquinas. In this structure, “exitus” refers to the process of departure or emanation, while “reditus” signifies return. This dyad is a governing principle not only in Aquinas’s understanding of the Trinity but also in his complete theological system. In terms of the Trinity, the Son and the Holy Spirit emanate from the Father in “exitus,” and then return to the Father in “reditus.” This trinitarian procession is considered the foundational cause for the existence and return of all creatures. The divine persons’ internal processions serve as the model and cause for the external processions of rational creatures. In relation to rational creatures, “exitus” refers to their creation and departure from God. God is seen as the efficient cause from whom all things emanate. “Reditus,” on the other hand, signifies the creatures’ return to God, drawn towards their ultimate end—participation in divine beatitude or happiness. This return can be understood at two levels: natural and supernatural. On the natural level, creatures return to God according to their inherent abilities. On the supernatural level, they are elevated through grace to participate in the divine essence itself, surpassing their natural capacities. The exitus-reditus structure thus provides a coherent, systematic framework that integrates every aspect of Aquinas’s theology, from the doctrine of God to the doctrines of creation, grace, and eschatology. Chapters 00:00:07 Introduction 00:01:40 General Thoughts about the Course 00:08:01 The Primacy of the Father in Thomas 00:14:57 Calvin on the Son at Autotheos 00:24:44 Modes of Subsistence and Absolute Personality 00:32:37 Rock, Paper, Scissors, and Absolute Personality 00:40:35 The Eucharist and the Beatific Vision 00:47:29 Contemporary Evangelical Retrievals of Thomas 01:02:08 Interpreters of Thomas 01:03:48 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Lane G. Tipton
- 1418[Introduction to the Westminster Shorter Catechism] Q/A 15This is an audio podcast of "Introduction to the Westminster Shorter Catechism," taught by Dr. James J. Cassidy. Videos of each lesson including Spanish and Chinese subtitles are available for free online at reformedforum.org. Dr. Cassidy is the pastor of South Austin Presbyterian Church. He graduated in 2014 from Westminster Theological Seminary with the Ph.D in systematic theology writing on the theology of Karl Barth. He is the author of God's Time For Us: Barth on the Reconciliation of Eternity and Time in Jesus Christ (Lexham Press). If you're excited about this theology and want to enable people around the world to watch and listen to these free resources, please visit https://reformedforum.org/donate to provide your support. Q. 15. What was the sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created? A. The sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created was their eating the forbidden fruit.
- 1419Seeing the Truth (Chapter 9)This lesson is part of the course, The Gospel of John: A Study in the Truth (Chapters 1–10), taught by James J. Cassidy. This course is an overview of the Gospel of John. It is geared toward adults and could be used in a Sunday school class or in a Bible study. As an overview, the course will leave most details uncovered. However, its purpose is to give students key themes in John’s Gospel (e.g., truth) which will help them in their interpretation of the book as a whole. In addition, the material is intended to be edifying, showing the centrality of Christ in all of Scripture. With this course, students will—by God’s grace—be made to grow in the knowledge of who Jesus is and what he came to do. This, in turn, will equip students to share Christ more clearly and effectively with others. Jim Cassidy is the pastor of South Austin Presbyterian Church. He graduated in 2014 from Westminster Theological Seminary with the Ph.D in systematic theology writing on the theology of Karl Barth. He is the author of God’s Time For Us: Barth on the Reconciliation of Eternity and Time in Jesus Christ (Lexham Press). View the course and its accompanying materials at https://reformedforum.org/courses/the-gospel-of-john-a-study-in-the-truth-chapters-1-10/
- 1420Christianity and Liberalism: The ChurchWe welcome John Muether and Danny Olinger to discuss the seventh and final chapter of Machen’s classic book, Christianity and Liberalism. The chapter highlights the importance of the church as the most important social institution in Christianity. Machen argues that the church is not only concerned with saving individual souls but also with education and the maintenance of social life in this world. He critiques the liberal view of the church as a mere human institution and emphasizes the importance of the church as the body of Christ. The chapter concludes by emphasizing the need for Christians to be united in the Church and the incompatibility of liberalism and Christianity on this question. Overall, the chapter provides a detailed and insightful analysis of the theological and biblical foundations of the church. Chapters 00:00:07 Introduction 00:02:24 Upcoming Projects on Meredith G. Kline 00:06:36 Christianity and Liberalism: The Church 00:12:46 Ecclesiology and Unbelief in the Church 00:16:52 Is Machen Representative of Other Presbyterians? 00:23:20 The PCUSA Losing Its Presbyterian Identity 00:29:10 The Source of the “Nones” 00:40:08 The True Presbyterian Church of the World 00:47:57 Hymns in the Back of the Hymnal 01:07:04 Rest from Strife 01:09:37 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Danny Olinger, John Muether
- 1421[Introduction to the Westminster Shorter Catechism] Q/A 16This is an audio podcast of "Introduction to the Westminster Shorter Catechism," taught by Dr. James J. Cassidy. Videos of each lesson including Spanish and Chinese subtitles are available for free online at reformedforum.org. Dr. Cassidy is the pastor of South Austin Presbyterian Church. He graduated in 2014 from Westminster Theological Seminary with the Ph.D in systematic theology writing on the theology of Karl Barth. He is the author of God's Time For Us: Barth on the Reconciliation of Eternity and Time in Jesus Christ (Lexham Press). If you're excited about this theology and want to enable people around the world to watch and listen to these free resources, please visit https://reformedforum.org/donate to provide your support. Q. 16. Did all mankind fall in Adam's first transgression? A. The covenant being made with Adam, not only for himself, but for his posterity; all mankind, descending from him by ordinary generation, sinned in him, and fell with him, in his first transgression.
- 1422Summary of Christian Doctrine: Calling and Regeneration, Part 1This week on Theology Simply Profound, Rob and Bob discuss Louis Berkhof’s little book, Summary of Christian Doctrine. We turn to chapter XIX, Calling and Regeneration. This week we discuss the doctrine of calling. Participants: Rob McKenzie, Robert Tarullo
- 1423The True Shepherd (Chapter 10)This lesson is part of the course, The Gospel of John: A Study in the Truth (Chapters 1–10), taught by James J. Cassidy. This course is an overview of the Gospel of John. It is geared toward adults and could be used in a Sunday school class or in a Bible study. As an overview, the course will leave most details uncovered. However, its purpose is to give students key themes in John’s Gospel (e.g., truth) which will help them in their interpretation of the book as a whole. In addition, the material is intended to be edifying, showing the centrality of Christ in all of Scripture. With this course, students will—by God’s grace—be made to grow in the knowledge of who Jesus is and what he came to do. This, in turn, will equip students to share Christ more clearly and effectively with others. Jim Cassidy is the pastor of South Austin Presbyterian Church. He graduated in 2014 from Westminster Theological Seminary with the Ph.D in systematic theology writing on the theology of Karl Barth. He is the author of God’s Time For Us: Barth on the Reconciliation of Eternity and Time in Jesus Christ (Lexham Press). View the course and its accompanying materials at https://reformedforum.org/courses/the-gospel-of-john-a-study-in-the-truth-chapters-1-10/
- 1424Vos Group #83 — John’s Baptism of JesusToday, we turn to pages 318–322 of Vos’ Biblical Theology: Old and New Testaments to explore the baptism of Jesus by John the Baptist. Our goal is to offer a nuanced understanding by identifying both the similarities and differences between John’s baptism of Jesus and the baptisms John performed upon the people. Vos aims to steer clear of two misconceptions: the first being that Jesus’ baptism and the people’s baptisms were entirely distinct events, and the second that they were essentially the same. The baptism of Jesus holds dual significance. Firstly, it serves as a public and objective revelation of the Holy Spirit’s glory, manifested as the Spirit descended from heaven onto Jesus. Secondly, it has a sacramental meaning for Jesus himself, as he received something from the Spirit that furthered his earthly mission, which was a journey of suffering leading to glory. In addition, we’ll examine the connection between Jesus’s baptism and his role as the Messiah, offering insights into both pneumatology—the study of the Holy Spirit—and eschatology—the study of end times. Chapters 00:07 Introduction 00:37 Discussing the Recent Course on Aquinas’ Trinitarian Theology 09:49 John’s Baptism of Jesus 23:22 The Redemptive-Historical Roles of Jesus and John 27:05 Jesus Identifies with His People 29:55 The Objective Office of Messiah 41:42 The Descent of the Spirit upon Jesus 46:54 The Sacramental Significance of Jesus Baptism 50:31 The Beginning of the New Creation 58:49 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Lane G. Tipton
- 1425[Introduction to the Westminster Shorter Catechism] Q/A 17This is an audio podcast of "Introduction to the Westminster Shorter Catechism," taught by Dr. James J. Cassidy. Videos of each lesson including Spanish and Chinese subtitles are available for free online at reformedforum.org. Dr. Cassidy is the pastor of South Austin Presbyterian Church. He graduated in 2014 from Westminster Theological Seminary with the Ph.D in systematic theology writing on the theology of Karl Barth. He is the author of God's Time For Us: Barth on the Reconciliation of Eternity and Time in Jesus Christ (Lexham Press). If you're excited about this theology and want to enable people around the world to watch and listen to these free resources, please visit https://reformedforum.org/donate to provide your support. Q. 17. Into what estate did the fall bring mankind? A. The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin and misery.
- 1426Summary of Christian Doctrine: Calling and Regeneration, Part 2This week on Theology Simply Profound, Rob and Bob discuss Louis Berkhof’s little book, Summary of Christian Doctrine. We turn to chapter XIX, Calling and Regeneration. This week we discuss the doctrine of regeneration. Participants: Rob McKenzie, Robert Tarullo
- 1427The Aaronic Blessing of Numbers 6In this episode, we welcome back Michael Glodo, Associate Professor of Pastoral Theology at Reformed Theological Seminary in Orlando, Florida. Rev. Glodo has written The Lord Bless You and Keep You (Crossway), a new book on the Aaronic blessing of Numbers 6:24–26. We discuss several biblical-theological and practical implications for contemporary faith and practice including what it means to behold the face of God. We also explore how the person and work of Jesus secures the blessing on our behalf. Chapters 00:00:07 Introduction 00:00:42 Revisiting A History of Dispensationalism 00:06:25 The Aaronic Blessing in Numbers 6 00:16:43 Beholding the Face of God 00:24:41 Faces in Scripture 00:30:55 The Context of Numbers 6 00:44:13 Jesus’ Priesthood and the Aaronic Blessing 00:50:33 The Aaronic Blessing in Worship and Pastoral Care 01:00:29 The Priesthood of All Believers 01:11:18 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Michael Glodo
- 1428[Introduction to the Westminster Shorter Catechism] Q/A 18This is an audio podcast of "Introduction to the Westminster Shorter Catechism," taught by Dr. James J. Cassidy. Videos of each lesson including Spanish and Chinese subtitles are available for free online at reformedforum.org. Dr. Cassidy is the pastor of South Austin Presbyterian Church. He graduated in 2014 from Westminster Theological Seminary with the Ph.D in systematic theology writing on the theology of Karl Barth. He is the author of God's Time For Us: Barth on the Reconciliation of Eternity and Time in Jesus Christ (Lexham Press). If you're excited about this theology and want to enable people around the world to watch and listen to these free resources, please visit https://reformedforum.org/donate to provide your support. Q. 18. Wherein consists the sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell? A. The sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell consists in the guilt of Adam's first sin, the want of original righteousness, and the corruption of his whole nature, which is commonly called original sin; together with all actual transgressions which proceed from it.
- 1429The Roots of Reformed Moral TheologyWe are pleased to welcome Dr. Bruce Baugus to our program to discuss his book, The Roots of Reformed Moral Theology, published by Reformation Heritage Books. In this comprehensive work, Dr. Baugus delves into the foundational elements that have shaped moral theology within the Reformed tradition. He provides both historical and theological contexts, covering a range of topics including the Old Testament’s influence on Reformed moral thought, the significance of the Ten Commandments, the Reformation’s impact on moral theology, and its evolution in the modern era. Additionally, Dr. Baugus explores the practical applications of Reformed moral theology for contemporary Christian living. This conversation serves as a continuation of a dialogue that began during our online Symposium on Reformed Moral Theology, held in August 2023. In the symposium’s concluding session, Dr. Baugus and Dr. David VanDrunen each presented their perspectives on the role of law in the Gospels, with a particular focus on the Sermon on the Mount as recorded in the Book of Matthew. The session also featured an interactive discussion between the two scholars and T. David Gordon. Dr. Bruce P. Baugus is Professor of Systematic Theology & Apologetics at Puritan Reformed Theological Seminary in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He earned a PhD in Philosophical Theology from Calvin Theological Seminary (2009) and served on the faculty of Reformed Theological Seminary in Jackson, Mississippi, for fourteen years (2008–2022) prior to joining Puritan Reformed. He is also the editor of China’s Reforming Churches (RHB, 2014) and has contributed numerous chapters, articles, and papers. Dr. David VanDrunen is Robert B. Strimple Professor of Systematic Theology and Christian Ethics at Westminster Seminary California. Chapters 00:00:07 Introduction 00:07:33 Moral Theology and Christian Ethics 00:12:49 Understanding the Roots of Moral Theology 00:15:10 Historical Developments in Reformed Moral Theology 00:18:38 A Distinctly Reformed Moral Theology 00:21:47 Moral Theology and Aquinas 00:23:51 The Law of Moses in the Reformed Tradition 00:33:53 Jesus and the Law 00:37:21 Jesus Showing the Climactic Character of His Coming 00:44:25 An Enduring Moral Law 00:51:51 The Redemptive-Historical Significance of Jesus’ Coming 00:54:46 The Law and the New Covenant People 01:03:01 The Natural Order and the New Creation 01:07:44 Conclusion Participants: Bruce Baugus, Camden Bucey, David VanDrunen
- 1430The Importance of Cornelius Van Til for TodayCamden Bucey recently lectured on “The Importance of Van Til for Today” for the OPC’s Presbytery of Michigan and Ontario at Harvest OPC in Wyoming, MI. Jim Cassidy and Camden discuss the main points of the lecture before we turn to a recording of the lecture and its accompanying Q&A session. Cornelius Van Til (1895–1987) has shaped the field of Reformed apologetics, drawing upon the strengths of Old Amsterdam and Old Princeton. But his impact extends beyond apologetics, affecting broader theological discussions and the identity of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church. In this lecture, we explore the enduring relevance of Van Til’s work and thought, analyzing his theological contributions against the backdrop of his historical context while tracing their resonance in our own. Download the handout Chapters 00:00:07 Introduction 00:03:13 The Importance of Van Til for Today 00:09:20 Previewing the Main Points of the Lecture 00:24:50 Darryl G. Hart Introduction 00:26:47 Camden Bucey Introduction 00:31:20 Confessional Faithfulness 00:50:28 A Distinctly Reformed Witness 01:02:47 Doctrine of God 01:29:09 Questions and Answers 01:47:13 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Jim Cassidy
- 1431Summary of Christian Doctrine: Conversion: Repentance & Faith, Part 1This week on Theology Simply Profound, Rob and Bob discuss Louis Berkhof’s little book, Summary of Christian Doctrine. We turn to chapter XX, “Conversion: Repentance & Faith.” This week we discuss how Berkhof addresses the doctrine of conversion. Participants: Rob McKenzie, Robert Tarullo
- 1432William Jennings Bryan, the Round Table Club, and Religious FreedomRichard Gamble and Jeff McDonald join us again. On this episode, McDonald introduces several significant points about William Jennings Bryan, including his early life and upbringing in a strong evangelical tradition, his belief that schools and universities posed a problem to religious freedom, and his concern that students could be led away from faith into unbelief if they fell under the influence of mind worshipers. He also notes Bryan’s political career and his advocacy for economic and religious freedom, as well as his influence on the Democratic party and his ongoing relevance to current political issues. Jeffrey McDonald is a Presbyterian minister, historian, and author of John Gerstner and the Renewal of Presbyterian and Reformed Evangelicalism in Modern America (Wipf & Stock, 2017). Richard M. Gamble is Professor of History and holds the Anna Margaret Ross Alexander Chair in History and Politics at Hillsdale College. Chapters 00:07 Introduction 02:40 The Presbyterian Scholars Conference 10:27 William Jennings Bryan 18:48 Misconceptions about Bryan 22:05 Bryan’s Background 26:49 The Round Table Club 32:30 Concerns Regarding Religious Freedom and Education 37:11 Responding to Secularism 39:04 Machen and Libertarianism 41:11 Surprising Findings about Bryan 50:17 Bryan as a Nebraskan 53:26 Learning from Bryan 58:17 Conclusion Links David W. Beggington, ed., The Gospel and Religious Freedom: Historical Studies in Evangelicalism and Political Engagement (Baylor University Press) Christ the Center episode 776 — Melvin Grove Kyle, J. Gresham Machen, and the League of Evangelical Students Christ the Center episode 599 — John Gerstner and the Renewal of Presbyterian and Reformed Evangelicalism Christ the Center episode 593 — The Battle Hymn of the Republic and Civil Religion Books Jeffrey S. McDonald, “Advancing the Evangelical Mind: Melvin Grove Kyle, J. Gresham Machen, and the League of Evangelical Students” Richard M. Gamble, A Fiery Gospel: The Battle Hymn of the Republic and the Road to Righteous War (Religion and American Public Life) Richard M. Gamble, The War for Righteousness: Progressive Christianity, the Great War, and the Rise of the Messianic Nation. Wilmington, DE: ISI Books, 2003. Richard M. Gamble, The Great Tradition: Classic Readings on What It Means to be an Educated Human Being. Wilmington, DE: ISI Books, 2007. Richard M. Gamble, In Search of the City on a Hill: The Making and Unmaking of an American Myth. New York: Continuum/Bloomsbury, 2012. Participants: Camden Bucey, Jeff McDonald, Richard M. Gamble
- 1433Machen’s Enduring Significance | Unfolding RedemptionLane Tipton and Camden Bucey reflect on the recent Reformed Forum Theology Conference on J. Gresham Machen’s Christianity and Liberalism before turning to a discussion of their new booklet, Unfolding Redemption: Exploring the History and Order of Salvation. Chapters 00:00:07 Introduction 00:03:35 Reflecting on the 2023 Reformed Forum Conference 00:08:27 Machen and Denominational History 00:17:02 The Church and Culture 00:28:09 The History and Order of Salvation 00:35:41 The Unchanging Person of the Son 00:42:29 Jesus Declared to Be the Son of God in Power 00:55:05 The Benefits of Adoption 01:07:44 Conclusion Unfolding Redemption: Exploring the History and Order of Salvation (10-Pack) $49.99 Add to cart Unfolding Redemption: Exploring the History and Order of Salvation $9.99 Add to cart Participants: Camden Bucey, Lane G. Tipton
- 1434What is the Future of Israel? Part 1This week on Theology Simply Profound, Rob and Bob discuss the future of Israel? With geopolitical affairs in the Middle East as they are currently and the end times speculations that arise and questions as to how Christians should think of the nation-state of Israel, we consider some history, some dispensational views, and some Reformed views. Participants: Rob McKenzie, Robert Tarullo
- 1435Elect Exiles in 1 Peter 1:1–2 | Reformed Forum UpdateRyan Noha and Camden Bucey offer an update regarding several projects and initiatives at Reformed Forum including the launch of Kevin Chiarot’s course on 1 Peter. We include the first lesson of the course, which is available for free on reformedforum.org and on YouTube. In the first lesson, Dr. Chiarot teaches on the elect exiles Peter addresses in 1 Peter 1:1–2. Rev. Dr. Kevin Chiarot is pastor of Westminster PCA in Rock Tavern, New York. Chapters 00:07 Introduction 02:50 Carlton Wynne on Calvin’s Institutes 04:50 Reformed Academy 07:43 Update on Publishing and Other Work 13:42 Course Translations 16:46 Debrief on the Annual Conference 19:51 Continuing Education Certification 22:26 Looking Ahead 28:13 Kevin Chiarot’s New Course on 1 Peter 30:51 Elect Exiles in 1 Peter 52:29 Final Thoughts 54:22 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Ryan Noha
- 1436What is the Future of Israel? Part 2This week on Theology Simply Profound, Rob and Bob continue their discussion of the future of Israel? With geopolitical affairs in the Middle East as they are currently and the end times speculations that arise and questions as to how Christians should think of the nation-state of Israel, we discuss the promises regarding the land of Israel, Israel as a nation, the promises to Abraham and his seed, that is Christ, and Romans 11. Participants: Rob McKenzie, Robert Tarullo
- 1437Calvin’s Institutes of the Christian ReligionAfter recording a course on the subject for Reformed Academy, Dr. Carlton Wynne comes to the podcast studio to discuss John Calvin’s Institutes of the Christian Religion. Topics covered include Calvin’s theology, the right ordering of knowledge, general and special revelation, the effects of the fall on human reasoning, natural theology, and comparisons to the thought of Thomas Aquinas and Cornelius Van Til. Carlton also shares about his experience as a pastor-theologian and his talk on maintaining true religion in a modernist world at the recent Reformation Worship Conference. The conversation touches on the legacy of J. Gresham Machen and the need for the church to guard the good deposit of faith. Chapters 00:00:07 Introduction 00:05:41 Introduction to Carlton’s Course on Calvin’s Institutes 00:13:56 The Church and the Academy 00:20:58 Approaching a Course on the Institutes 00:30:30 The Natural Knowledge of God 00:37:52 Natural Theology, Ethics, and “Formal” Truth 00:49:48 The Reformation Worship Conference 00:57:28 Machen 2.0 01:10:39 Calvin and the Threefold Office of Mediator 01:12:52 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Carlton Wynne
- 1438Psalm 5 — Christian HatredWhat is a Christian to do with the imprecatory Psalms? Are they to be read and sung today, and if so, with what understanding? Jim Cassidy talks about how to situate the Psalms within their redemptive-historical context, instead of reading them in the abstract. Participants: Jim Cassidy, Mark A. Winder
- 1439Robert Boyle, Christianity, and ScienceIn the latest episode of Christ the Center, we explore the fascinating intersection of science, faith, and philosophy through the life and contributions of Robert Boyle, the seventeenth-century chemist often dubbed the father of modern chemistry. Our guest, Dr. Edward B. Davis, Professor Emeritus of the History of Science at Messiah University, shares his extensive knowledge on Boyle’s experiments, the development of Boyle’s Law, and the broader implications of Boyle’s work on the relationship between emerging scientific disciplines and religious thought. We also delve into the historical context of Boyle’s era, his influence on the mechanical philosophy, and how his devout Anglican faith shaped his understanding of the natural world. Listen as we explore the complex relationship of how scientific inquiry and religious belief have related throughout history. Links Edward B. Davis CV Edward B. Davis on ResearchGate Dr. Davis’ article, “Robert Boyle, the Bible, and Natural Philosophy“ Chapters 00:00:07 Introduction 00:02:00 Christianity and History of Science 00:12:45 The Philosophical and Methodological Awareness of Scientists 00:18:52 Gaining Humility through Historical Perspective 00:25:02 Robert Boyle in Historical Context 00:37:28 Boyle’s Scientific Pursuits 00:41:57 Robert Boyle and James Ussher 00:44:03 Natural Philosophy 00:51:33 Boyle’s Views Contrasted with Deism 00:54:24 Boyle’s Contributions 00:59:13 Dr. Davis’ Scholarship on Boyle 01:03:41 Researching Boyle 01:08:13 Reading Dr. Davis’ articles 01:10:21 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Edward B. Davis
- 1440Vos Group #84 — John the Baptist’s Testimony of JesusIn this installment of Vos Group, Lane Tipton and Camden Bucey discuss pp. 322–329 of Geerhardus Vos’ book, Biblical Theology: Old and New Testaments. In this section, Vos discusses John’s testimony of Jesus after his baptism. The testimony of John the Baptist as depicted in the Gospel of John emphasizes Jesus’ unique divine nature and eternal preexistence, distinguishing him from all others in redemptive history. This underlines John’s role as the one preparing the way for Jesus, who fulfills Old Testament prophecies as the sacrificial Lamb of God. It also highlights the immutable deity of Christ, who, despite his incarnation, remains unchanged in his divine person and essence. The narrative showcases Jesus’ baptism as an act of vicarious repentance and affirms his authority to bestow the Spirit, underscoring the theological depth of his identity and mission as witnessed by John the Baptist. Chapters 00:07 Introduction 07:00 The Pre-Existence of Christ Revealed at His Baptism 12:10 Christ before and after John 15:36 John 1:15, 30 26:12 Malachi 3 and the Trinity 30:43 The Ecumenical Tradition and Scripture 33:42 Divine Relationality 39:32 The Immutability of the Person of the Son 44:16 The Religious Significance of Christ’s Divinity 49:34 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Lane G. Tipton
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