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Reformed Forum supports the church in presenting every person mature in Christ (Colossians 1:28) by providing Reformed theological resources to pastors, scholars, and anyone who desires to grow in their understanding of Scripture and the

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  1. 1249The Practical Import of EcclesiologyJim Cassidy and Camden Bucey discuss ecclesiology (the doctrine of the church) and the significant ways it informs our daily lives. Dr. Cassidy is studying R. B. Kuiper’s The Glorious Body of Christ with his congregation, and we take the opportunity to speak about the nature and limits of church authority, the distinction between the church as organism and the church as organization, and the church’s relation to the government and culture. Chapters 00:00 Introduction05:21 R. B. Kuiper and the Doctrine of the Church10:09 Ecclesiology and Other Disciplines17:38 The Spirituality of the Church33:33 The Exercise of Church Authority39:20 Church Authority and the Regulative Principle of Worship47:53 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Jim Cassidy49 min
  2. 1250Signature Psalms: Psalm 69, Part 3In this episode, Rob and Bob continue a series on familiar psalms that we are drawn to more than others for one reason or another. This week we bring our discussion of Psalm 69 to a close. Participants: Rob McKenzie, Robert Tarullo43 min
  3. 1251The Necessity of Christ’s Obedience for Our SalvationWe welcome Dr. Brandon Crowe to the program to discuss the obedience of Christ and the salvation of his people. In his latest book, Why Did Jesus Live a Perfect Life?: The Necessity of Christ’s Obedience for Our Salvation, Dr. Crowe sets out to answer the basic but all-important question: Is perfect obedience necessary for salvation? Listen as we explore the covenant of works, the atonement, the nature of Christ’s obedience, his resurrection, and the doctrine of justification. Brandon D. Crowe (PhD, University of Edinburgh) is professor of New Testament at Westminster Theological Seminary and author of The Last Adam and The Hope of Israel. Chapters 00:00 Introduction02:04 Thinking about Righteousness and Obedience06:47 Changes in Theological Disciplines13:21 Perfect Obedience Is Necessary for Salvation20:30 Death Reigned from Adam to Moses26:45 The New Testament and the Law of Moses34:02 Christ’s Obedience and Our Faith40:18 Christ’s Active and Passive Obedience43:53 Christ’s Obedience as High Priest47:11 Christ’s Resurrection50:58 The Author’s Hopes for Readers of the Book54:55 Conclusion Participants: Brandon Crowe, Camden Bucey56 min
  4. 1252Shall the Fundamentalists Win? 100 Years LaterOn May 21, 1922, Harry Emerson Fosdick preached a sermon titled “Shall the Fundamentalists Win?” that helped spark the modernist-fundamentalist controversy. Fosdick was a Baptist minister serving as an associate at First Presbyterian Church in New York and a faculty member at Union Theological Seminary. He was well-known and had published several popular religious books. Ned B. Stonehouse remarked, “the fact that a minister not even subject to the authority of Presbytery and General Assembly should have used a Presbyterian pulpit to make what was widely regarded as an attack upon the constitution disclosed a situation bordering on lawlessness” (Stonehouse, J. Gresham Machen: A Biographical Memoir, 302). Dr. Darryl G. Hart joins Camden Bucey to speak about this infamous sermon and a new course on Machen that Dr. Hart recorded last week for Reformed Academy. Chapters 0:00:00 Introduction 0:01:03 Dr. Hart’s Forthcoming Course on Machen 0:09:54 Harry Emerson Fosdick in Context 0:20:49 Presbyterians and Broad Ecumenism 0:23:53 New York and Philadelphia in Presbyterian History 0:28:25 A Baptist in a Presbyterian Pulpit 0:33:19 Fosdick Preaching from Acts 5:38–39 0:38:40 Fosdick and Modernity 0:45:07 The Soft Middle 0:50:02 Machen, Orthodoxy, and Modernity 0:56:17 The Spirits of Fosdick and Machen Today 1:08:06 Conclusion Download the Sermon PDF Participants: Camden Bucey, Darryl G. Hart1 hr 10 min
  5. 1253Summary of Christian Doctrine: ReligionThis week on Theology Simply Profound, Rob and Bob begin a discussion of Louis Berkhof’s little book, Summary of Christian Doctrine. Within the first section, Introduction, the first chapter on “Religion,” serves to help us to understand the nature, seat, and origin of religion. Participants: Rob McKenzie, Robert Tarullo50 min
  6. 1254The Two Ages in ScriptureAdam York joins Camden Bucey to speak about the two age construction found throughout Scripture and especially in the Pauline epistles. Scripture frequently speaks of “this age” and “the age to come.” These categories have a significant effect upon how Christians should understand their place in the world. Jesus, the second Adam, has entered into “the age to come.” Through union with Christ, believers not only experience the victory in anticipation of Christ’s second coming, they also are already raised with him and seated with him in heavenly places (Eph. 2:6). Adam York is pastor of Hope Orthodox Presbyterian Church in Grayslake, Illinois. Upcoming Livestream Donate now to receive an invitation to our private chat server. You won’t want to miss our Christ the Center recording scheduled for June 2, 2022 at 2:30 pm (EDT). Chapters 00:00:00 Introduction00:03:22 Preaching from Ephesians00:05:12 Encountering the Two-Age Construction00:11:17 Jesus Speaks of the Two Ages00:19:41 The Two Ages and Christian Identity00:30:53 Living in the Overlap of the Ages00:45:18 The Coming Ages in Ephesians 2:700:56:16 The Practicality of the Two-Age Construction01:04:17 Conclusion Participants: Adam York, Camden Bucey1 hr 7 min
  7. 1255Vos Group #75 — The Eschatological View of the ProphetsLane Tipton and Camden Bucey turn to pages 289–296 of Geerhardus Vos’ book, Biblical Theology: Old and New Testaments. In this section, Vos introduces several significant interpretive practices which are critical for a proper understanding of the eschatology of the prophets. These are the principles of (1) finality and consummation, (2) prophetic idiom, and (3) the coming of the Messiah as the “gift of God.” Chapters 00:00 Introduction02:48 Finality and Consummation13:53 The Forshortening of Prophetic Insight22:54 Prophetic Idiom and the Future Glory of Isaiah42:58 The Coming Messiah as the Gift of God51:06 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Lane G. Tipton55 min
  8. 1256Summary of Christian Doctrine: RevelationThis week on Theology Simply Profound, Rob and Bob continue a discussion of Louis Berkhof’s little book, Summary of Christian Doctrine. Within the first section, Introduction, the second chapter on “Revelation,” serves to help us to understands the revelation in general, general revelation, and special revelation. Participants: Rob McKenzie, Robert Tarullo1 hr 2 min
  9. 1257The Ecclesiastical and Theological Contributions of Richard B. Gaffin, Jr.In this episode, we speak about the ecclesiastical and theological contributions of Dr. Richard B. Gaffin, Jr. This year marks the 50th anniversary of Dr. Gaffin having been elected the chairman of the OPC’s Committee on Foreign Missions. Crossway has also published his latest book, In the Fullness of Time, a revision of his lecture notes from his course, Acts and Paul. Dr. Gaffin’s history is inextricably linked with two institutions closely identified with J. Gresham Machen: Westminster Theological Seminary and the Orthodox Presbyterian Church. Taking this opportunity to reflect on the life and works of Dr. Gaffin, the panel comments on his unique contributions. Chapters 00:00:00 Introduction00:08:41 Dr. Gaffin’s 50+ Years of Service to OPC Foreign Missions00:14:21 Meeting Dr. Gaffin00:27:54 Dr. Gaffin’s Bibliography00:32:13 Gaffin and Vos00:37:11 Resurrection and Eschatology: A Festschrift for Dr. Gaffin00:43:12 Gaffin’s Theological Contributions00:57:31 1 Corinthians 15:45 and 2 Corinthians 3:17–1801:00:35 Richard B. Gaffin, Jr. and Charlie Dennison01:03:09 Conclusion Order the Book While supplies last, we’re running a big sale on copies of Dr. Gaffin’s book. For the best deal, get a bundle of In the Fullness of Time, Geerhardus Vos by Danny E. Olinger, and Foundations of Covenant Theology by Lane G. Tipton. We’re offering this bundle for $49.99. The combined retail price is $91.97. That’s a savings of more than 45%. You may also save more than 40% on individual copies. Select Bibliography Gaffin, Jr., Richard B. By Faith Not By Sight. Bletchley, Milton Keynes, UK: Paternoster Press, 2006. ———. God’s Word in Servant-Form. Reformed Academic Press, n.d. ———. “‘Life-Giving Spirit’: Probing the Center of Paul’s Pneumatology.” JETS 41 (1998): 573–89. ———. “Old Amsterdam and Inerrancy.” Westminster Theological Journal 44, no. 2 (Fall 1982): p 250-289. ———. Perspectives on Pentecost. P & R Publishing, 1979. ———. Resurrection and Redemption: A Study in Paul’s Soteriology. 2nd ed. Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Co., 1987. ———. “The Place and Importance of Introduction to the New Testament.” In Studying the New Testament Today, 143–51. Presbyterian and Reformed Pub. Co, n.d. ———. “The Redemptive-Historical View.” In Biblical Hermeneutics: Five Views, edited by Stanley E Porter and Beth M Stovell. Downers Grove, Ill.: IVP Academic, 2012. ———. “The Usefulness of the Cross,” The Westminster Theological Journal, Vol. 41 No. 2 Spring 1979, pp. 228–246. (We discussed this article on Christ the Center, episode 585) Tipton, Lane G., and Jeffrey C. Waddington. Resurrection and Eschatology: Theology in Service of the Church: Essays in Honor of Richard B. Gaffin, Jr. Phillipsburg  N.J.: P&R Pub., 2008. Participants: Camden Bucey, Danny Olinger, Jeff Waddington, Jim Cassidy, Lane G. Tipton1 hr 6 min
  10. 1258Summary of Christian Doctrine: ScriptureThis week on Theology Simply Profound, Rob and Bob begin a discussion of Louis Berkhof’s little book, Summary of Christian Doctrine. Within the first section, Introduction, the third chapter on “Scripture,” serves to help us to understand Revelation and Scripture, the nature and extent of inspiration, and the perfections of Scripture. Participants: Rob McKenzie, Robert Tarullo1 hr 5 min
  11. 1259Van Mastricht: The Works of God and the Fall of ManIn the third volume of this new translation of Petrus Van Mastricht’s Theoretical-Practical Theology, Mastricht begins with a discussion of the decrees of God and how they establish His eternal purpose for everything. He then shows how the decrees are carried out in creation and in God’s continual providence. The volume concludes with Mastricht’s treatment of the apostacy of Adam from his original estate and the devastating effects of sin that followed. This is an important volume for learning how God governs all things, even the rebellious actions of those good things He created. Jeff Waddington, Dan Ragusa, and Camden Bucey speak about several of the unique positions Van Mastricht held, including his somewhat mediating view between infra- and supralapsarianism, his argument against Copernicanism, his view of the third heaven, and his view of angelic and demonic activity. Chapters 0:00:00 Introduction0:04:35 Van Mastricht’s Theoretical-Practical0:17:14 Infra- and Supralapsarianism0:26:45 Copernicanism0:36:31 The Third Heaven0:42:59 The Covenant of Nature0:54:44 Right Reason1:00:40 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Dan Ragusa, Jeff Waddington1 hr 2 min
  12. 1260The Perils of Naming a DenominationBrad Isbell (@ChortlesWeakly) briefly steps away from the General Assembly floor, Twitter, and Presbycast to jump on another podcast mic to speak with Camden Bucey about the PCA General Assembly and the storied histories of naming the OPC and the PCA. Mr. Isbell is a ruling elder at Covenant PCA in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Along with @Wresbyterian, he hosts Presbycast. He recently wrote, “What’s in a Denominational Name?” for the Nicotine Theological Journal. The article has also been published at The Aquila Report. Chapters 00:00 General Assemblies Review09:43 More in the PCA15:18 PCA and OPC 50th Anniversaries19:36 Denominational Names32:06 Ardor and Order in the National Presbyterian Church46:14 Presbyterian Collegiality48:52 Church Planting Old School Ordinary Means of Grace Churches53:11 Conclusion Participants: Brad Isbell, Camden Bucey56 min
  13. 1261Heavenly MindednessWe discuss Geerhardus Vos’s sermon, “Heavenly Mindedness” from his collection Grace and Glory: Sermons Preached at Princeton Seminary. In this sermon, Vos directs the Christian to consider the heavenly realities, where Christ is, as the proper focus and posture for the Christian throughout this present earthly pilgrimage. Chapters 00:00 Introduction03:45 Historical Context of the Sermon08:44 Key Passages on Faith12:54 A Biblical Theology of Faith16:11 Faith and the Foundation of the Christian Life19:58 Vos’s Exegesis and the History of Redemption22:06 Faith and the Vitality of the Christian Life23:44 Supernaturalism and History26:45 Themes Picked up by Kline30:04 Abraham’s Pilgrimage36:27 The Remedy for the Ills of the Modern Life38:40 Heavenly-Mindedness vs Mysticism48:38 The Means of Grace57:59 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Danny Olinger, Lane G. Tipton1 hr 1 min
  14. 1262Ephesians 1:9, 10 — The Uniting of Heaven and EarthWhat does Paul mean when he says that all things in heaven and earth will be united in Christ? The apostle moves from what Christ did on the cross for his people — to look at the place of the cross in all of history. Robert Arendale and Mark Winder look at the concept of mystery, the language of “things in heaven and things on earth,” and the culmination of this text — the uniting of these things. Participants: Mark A. Winder, Robert Arendale48 min
  15. 1263Zephaniah’s Protology in EschatologyMark Winder previews his upcoming course on Zephaniah wherein he will discuss the prophecy in its context, and in doing so examine how the prophet utilizes protological themes to construct an eschatological picture pointing to the great Day of the Lord. We will begin with an introduction to covenant themes and establish the veracity of the theological assumptions and hermeneutical method employed in approaching Zephaniah. Dr. Winder will be teaching an in-person course at the Reformed Forum headquarters in Libertyville, Illinois, August 12–13, 2022. Learn More Chapters 00:00 Introduction06:12 An Upcoming Course on Zephaniah22:25 The Structure of the Course33:16 Protology and Eschatology44:29 The Expectation of the Day of the Lord50:45 Covenant Restoration57:56 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Mark A. Winder, Ryan Noha1 hr
  16. 1264Summary of Christian Doctrine: The Essential Nature of GodThis week on Theology Simply Profound, Rob and Bob begin a discussion of Louis Berkhof’s little book, Summary of Christian Doctrine. Within the first section, The Doctrine of God and Creation, the fourth chapter on “The Essential Nature of God,” serves to help us to understand at the most basic level , the knowledge of God and the knowledge of God as known from special revelation. Participants: Rob McKenzie, Robert Tarullo1 hr 5 min
  17. 1265The Usefulness of the Doctrine of ScriptureDr. Carlton Wynne speaks about his chapter, “Scripture: Foundational for Life and Ministry,” which is published in Theology for Ministry: How Doctrine Affects Pastoral Life and Practice. This book is a festschrift for Sinclair Ferguson, edited by William R. Edwards, John C. A. Ferguson, and Chad Van Dixhoorn, and published by P&R Publishing. Dr. Wynne discusses the significance of the doctrine of inspiration as well as the necessity, sufficiency, and authority of Scripture. He then connects these essential doctrines to their practicality and usefulness for daily life and particularly, pastoral ministry. By understanding the doctrine of Scripture and especially its redemptive-historical character, we come to a greater appreciation of God’s enduring love and care for his covenant people. Carlton Wynne is Associate Pastor at Westminster PCA in Atlanta and Adjunct Professor of Systematic Theology at Reformed Theological Seminary Atlanta. Chapters 00:00:00 Introduction00:06:03 Carlton’s Introduction to Sinclair Ferguson00:15:21 Theology for Life00:20:05 The Inspiration of Scripture00:37:42 The Accommodation of Scripture00:40:59 The Usefulness of Doctrine for Pastoral Ministry00:49:32 The Redemptive-Historical Character of Scripture01:02:38 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Carlton Wynne1 hr 5 min
  18. 1266Summary of Christian Doctrine: The Names of GodThis week on Theology Simply Profound, Rob and Bob discuss Louis Berkhof’s little book, Summary of Christian Doctrine. Within the second section, The Doctrine of God and Creation, the fifth chapter on “The Names of God,” serves to help us to understand that names “have meaning and give insight into the nature of the person or things designated,” which also applies to God’s self-disclosure of himself. Participants: Rob McKenzie, Robert Tarullo57 min
  19. 1267Research Methods and ToolsDr. Benjamin Gladd shares his methods and favorite tools for facilitating research and eventual publication of his writing. Dr. Gladd is Professor of New Testament at Reformed Theological Seminary in Jackson, Mississippi. He is the author of Handbook on the Gospels (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2021) and From Adam and Israel to the Church: A Biblical Theology of the People of God (Downers Grove: IVP Academic, 2019). Along with G. K. Beale, he is the co-author of The Story Retold: A Biblical-Theological Introduction to the New Testament (Downers Grove: IVP Academic, 2020). Dr. Gladd is also series editor for IVP’s Essential Studies in Biblical Theology and Baker’s Handbook on the New Testament. Links Richard Hays, Reading BackwardsSönke Ahrens, How to Take Smart Notes (Reformed Media Review, ep. 126 on the subject)DraftsNotabilityLiquid TextZotero (Reformed Media Review, ep. 129 on the subject)PapersSimpleMindNeil Postman, Amusing Ourselves to DeathAccordanceLogos Chapters 00:00:00 Introduction00:07:02 Reading and Writing00:10:08 Reading and Taking Smart Notes00:19:16 Working with PDFs00:23:43 Citation Managers00:26:15 Writing for Teaching00:31:11 Mind Mapping00:36:07 The Effects of Technology00:38:19 Cross References00:40:50 From Bible Study to Writing Output00:44:11 Plagiarism and Derivative Thought00:55:44 The Cumulative Benefit of Consistent Study00:59:39 The Pastor Is Called to Study01:01:25 Going Deeper Independently01:11:23 Updates on RTS Jackson and Dr. Gladd’s Books01:13:08 Conclusion Participants: Benjamin Gladd, Camden Bucey1 hr 14 min
  20. 1268Van Til Group #8 — The Christian Philosophy of KnowledgeCarlton Wynne, Lane Tipton, and Camden Bucey turn to pp. 48–54 of Cornelius Van Til’s The Defense of the Faith to discuss the Christian theory of knowledge. In this section, Van Til speaks of the relationship between a theory of reality and the theory of knowledge and how for orthodox Christians, the absolute God of Scripture is identical with his knowledge while finite creatures are fundamentally dependent upon him. We also announce the arrival of Lane Tipton’s book, The Trinitarian Theology of Cornelius Van Til. The Trinitarian Theology of Cornelius Van Til (eBook) $9.99 Add to cart The Trinitarian Theology of Cornelius Van Til $34.99 Add to cart Chapters 00:00:00 Introduction00:02:16 New Book: The Trinitarian Theology of Cornelius Van Til00:12:28 Reviewing Chapters 1–2 of the Book00:23:38 A Christian Theory of Being00:35:30 The Bible and Christian Experience00:37:50 Ontology and Epistemology from the Garden of Eden00:42:59 Epistemological Authority00:48:35 Satan’s Tactic in Temptation00:55:16 God’s Knowledge and Being are Coterminous01:00:52 Pantheism01:06:04 Consequences of Saying that God’s Knowledge Changes01:15:44 Biblical Examples of God’s Knowledge in Relation to Creation01:21:00 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Carlton Wynne, Lane G. Tipton1 hr 23 min
  21. 1269The Extra Calvinisticum from Zwingli to Early OrthodoxyWhere is Christ’s body now? In short, that is the question behind our conversation today with K. J. Drake, the author of The Flesh of the Word: The extra Calvinisticum from Zwingli to Early Orthodoxy (Oxford University Press, 2021). In this book, Drake seeks to broaden the study of the extra Calvinisticum by investigating how the doctrine arose within sixteenth-century Reformed theology as well as how its form and function developed over time due to the changing polemical and theological contexts from Zwingli to the period of early Reformed orthodoxy. K. J. Drake is Academic Dean and Assistant Professor of Historical Theology at Indianapolis Theological Seminary. He received his BA in History, Classics, Medieval and Renaissance Studies, and Latin from the University of Nebraska. He attended Covenant Theological Seminary in St. Louis where he received his M.Div. Chapters 00:00:00 Introduction 00:05:41 The Question of Immanuel 00:07:43 Defining the Extra Calvinisticum 00:10:33 Development of Zwingli’s Views 00:15:40 Fault Lines between Lutheran and Reformed 00:18:35 Barth and the Extra Calvinisticum 00:20:47 Calvin vs. the Calvinists 00:24:38 Zwingli’s Christology 00:32:22 Development in Zwingli’s Views 00:35:11 The Consensus Tigurinus 00:39:43 Vermigli and the Communicatio Idiomatum 00:48:47 Knox and Cranmer 00:51:34 Antoine de la Roche Chandieu 00:54:50 Other Doctrines that Are Impacted 01:04:58 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Dan Ragusa, K. J. Drake1 hr 6 min
  22. 1270Vos Group #76 — The Structure of New Testament RevelationWe turn to pp. 299–301 of Geerhardus Vos’s book, Biblical Theology: Old and New Testaments. Vos discusses three ways in which the structure of New Testament Revelation can be determined from within Scripture itself. 1. From indications in the Old Testament2. From the teachings of Jesus3. From the teachings of Paul and the other apostles Chapters 00:00:00 Introduction00:07:43 The Structure of New Testament Revelation00:15:11 Organic vs. Artificial00:21:32 Old Testament Indications of the Nature of Revelation00:27:04 The Old and the New00:38:23 The Teaching of Jesus00:43:00 Abrogation and Perfection00:52:03 Hebrews 10:19-24 and the Era of Religious Fellowship00:56:58 Paul and the Teaching of the Other Apostles01:01:21 Hebrews 1:1-201:06:06 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Lane G. Tipton1 hr 10 min
  23. 1271Summary of Christian Doctrine: The Attributes of God, Part 1This week on Theology Simply Profound, Rob and Bob discuss Louis Berkhof’s little book, Summary of Christian Doctrine. Within the second section, The Doctrine of God and Creation, the sixth chapter on “The Attributes of God,” sets before us the Incommunicable and Communicable attributes of God. In this episode, we discuss God’s incommunicable attributes. Participants: Rob McKenzie, Robert Tarullo1 hr 16 min
  24. 1272A God-Centered Approach to HistoryDr. Vern Poythress speaks about the study of history and historiography from a Christian perspective. In his book, Redeeming Our Thinking about History: A God-Centered Approach (Crossway), Dr. Poythress emphasizes God’s own command to remember his works and share them with the next generation. He explores providentialism, divine purpose, and the four basic phases of biblical history: creation, fall, redemption, and consummation. Dr. Vern Poythress, Distinguished Professor of New Testament, Biblical Interpretation, and Systematic Theology at Westminster Theological Seminary in Glenside, Pennsylvania, where he has taught for four decades. In addition to earning six academic degrees, he is the author of numerous books and articles on biblical interpretation, language, and science. Chapters 00:00:00 Introduction00:03:44 Focusing on History00:14:01 Presuppositions of Historical Methodology00:17:06 Defining and Experiencing History00:22:07 Three Important Aspects of History00:32:29 Divine Inscrutability and Divine Revelation00:34:36 Common Grace and History00:40:12 Reductionistic Approaches to History00:48:14 The Academic Pursuit of History00:59:59 Conclusion Participants: Camden Bucey, Vern Poythress1 hr 4 min
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